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Thursday, August 13, 2015

█▓▒░(°TaNoLi°)░▒▓█ Marriage Is No Laughing Matter! Or Is It?

Regards.,

WAQAR SHAFI

I. T. PROFESSIONAL

KARACHI-PAKISTAN.
Email Me: waqar.shafi@gmail.com

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پاکستان کسی بھی پاکستانی کے لئے اللہ کی سب سے بڑی نعمتوں میں سے ایک ہے. آج ہم جو بھی ہے یہ سب اس وجہ پاکستان کی ہے ، دوسری صورت میں ، ہم کچھ بھی نہیں ہوتا. براہ مہربانی پاکستان کے لئے مخلص ہو.

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Tuesday, August 11, 2015

█▓▒░(°TaNoLi°)░▒▓█ Fwd: Jang Multimedia Karachi

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Regards.,

WAQAR SHAFI

I. T. PROFESSIONAL

KARACHI-PAKISTAN.
Email Me: waqar.shafi@gmail.com

█▓▒░(°TaNoLi°)░▒▓█ Welcome to Pakistan

Welcome to Pakistan

lahore badshahi mosque lahore government college and university

Visiting Pakistan? This section of Pakistanpaedia provides essential information for planning your visit to Pakistan - the land of Oldest of Civilizations. Pakistan has a rich cultural heritage. Its Northern Areas are rich in natural beauty and landscape, and some of the awesome verticals and pinnacles like the Trangos and the K-2. The archaeological remains of Buddhism and Hinduism and the Muslim architecture. Trekking, mountaineering, white water rafting, wild boar hunting, mountain and desert jeep, Camel and Yak safaris, trout fishing and bird watching, are a few activities which entice the adventure and nature lovers to Pakistan.

Pakistan can be reached which ever mode of travel one desires to choose: air, land or sea. Here is HOW

By Air: Pakistan has a well developed network of airports, most of which correspond to the international standards, located in all major cities and satellite cities of Pakistan. Almost all major airlines of the world have Pakistan as their destination. However most of these land at Karachi, but few airlines like PIA, British Airways, Saudia and China Xinjiang Airlines also land at Islamabad. PIA, Indian Airlines, Saudia and Thai Airways fly direct to Lahore.
Pakistan International (PIA) has direct flights from the main Mediterranean and European cities, as well as New York, Toronto and Nairobi. It also runs a Far East Network from Tokyo, Beijing, Jakarta, Singapore, Kuala Lumpur and Bangkok. PIA have also flights to Tashkent and Almaty from Islamabad, Lahore, Peshawar and Karachi while another Pakistani airlines, Aero Asia has a weekly flight between Karachi and Bishkek.

By Land: Pakistan shares its borders with Afghanistan, China, India and Iran. Therefore Pakistan can be accessed by the land route from these countries.

Afghanistan: Tourists visiting Pakistan from Afghanistan can either enter from Chaman in Balochistan and reach Quetta or enter from Kabul-Jalalabad route to Torkham and following the famous Khyber Pass reach Peshawar.
China: From the Xingjian province of China, one can follow the Silk Route or the Karakoram Highway, the eighth wonder of the world, crossing the highest border between any two countries of the world at Kunjrab Pass (located 4,800 meters) and reach Gilgit, by passing through Hunza - the paradise on earth, and onwards to Islamabad through Manshera and Abbot Abad. PTDC (Pakistan Tourism Development Corporation and NATCO (Northern Areas Transport Corporation) run buses from Sost to Taxkurgan (Chinese border post). The Khunjerab Pass is open from 1st May to 31st October for groups and to 15 November for individual tourists. Customs, Immigration post remains open daily from 08:30 to 11:00 for outgoing travellers and up to 16:00 (Pakistan Standard Time) for incoming tourists. Travel time from Sost to Taxkurgan is 5 hours (220 kms). The Chinese border post Taxkurgan is open 12:00 noon to 14:00 (Beijing Time) for outgoing tourists and up to 19:00 for incoming travellers daily.
India: From India one has many choices of entry and mode of travel; by road or by rail. Two border posts at Wahgha near Lahore and Kokhrapar in Sind are the entry points. Bus service exists between Dehli and Amritsar to Lahore. Air-conditioned buses leave from Faletti's Hotel, Egerton Road, Lahore every Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday and Saturday at 06:00hours. One-way fare is equivalent to US$ 19 per person. The fare also includes cost of breakfast, lunch and evening tea. Total travel time is 11 hours.
Iran: Iran has land and rail links with Pakistan. Several buses and coaches daily leave from Taftan (Pakistan-Iran border post) to Quetta (634 km - 16 - 18 hours). Approximate fare is around US$ 08 per person on coach and US$ 07 per person on bus. There is a weekly express train from Zahidan to Quetta (via Taftan - 27 hours). Economy Class fare with berth is approximately around US$ 10 and First Class Sleeper is US$ 13 per person. Another Passenger (slower) train leaves Taftan every Thursday for Quetta.

Sea Link: Karachi, the port city of Pakistan has an international sea port which is mostly used for cargo handling. Presently, no passenger boats or ships for the general public sail to or from Pakistan. However, some private small boats do ply between Pakistan and the Gulf countries. A ferry service with India and the Gulf states is in the planning stage.

In-Land Travel Facilities: All major cities are connected by land and air link.

Road Link: From Karachi, the road link up country and along the coast line of Sind and Balochistan has been facilitated by roads of various standards. The 500 kilometres long Makran Coastal Highway has recently been completed linking Karachi with the emerging port city of Gwader. Moving up country, the N-5 and the Indus Highway connect Karachi with Lahore, Islamabad, Peshawar and Quetta. Super Highway - a dual carriage way connects Karachi to Hyderabad. A network of motorways connects Lahore with Peshawar and Islamabad and Faisalabad.
Rail Link: Pakistan Railways has the monopoly of providing rail link between all major and minor cities / towns of Pakistan from Karachi to Quetta/Taftan (Iran-Pakistan border) and Karachi to Lahore-Islamabad and Peshawar. Pakistan railways also runs Smajhota Express between Lahore and Amritsar (India). Recently a non-stop train service "Karakoram Express" has been started between Karachi - Lahore and Lahore-Islamabad. The train service provides air-conditioned and non-air-conditioned coaches.For more information, consult website of Pakistan Railways.
Air Link: Pakistan International Airlines - the national airliner, serves 38 domestic airports with scheduled connections, including multiple daily flights between major cities of Karachi, Quetta, Multan, Lahore, Islamabad and Peshawar. Many private airlines, like the Air Blue, Aero Asia and Shaheen Airlines, also serve Karachi, Lahore, Faisalabad and Islamabad. PIA has daily flights linking the northern tourist regions of Gilgit, Skardu and Saidu Sharif with Islamabad and Chitral with Peshawar. There is a weekly Air Safari over the northern mountains, leaving every Saturday from Islamabad. One should be careful when booking on the flights that operate between Islamabad and Chitral, Gilgit and Skardu, since there are unannounced delays and even cancellations due to unpredictable weather.

Travel Concessions
PIA offers discounted air fares to foreign tourist groups visiting Pakistan from Europe, Middle East, Japan and USA. A 30% discount on international flights and 50% on domestic flights is available for students. For more details, please contact any PIA office abroad or in Pakistan. Pakistan Railways allow a 25% concession to foreign tourists (both for groups and individuals). This concession is allowed on production of a recommendation certificate issued by any PTDC Tourist Information Centre and original Passport, to the Divisional Superintendent of Pakistan Railways (at Karachi, Quetta, Lahore, Sukkur, Multan, Peshawar and Rawalpindi) or Station Master of other principal stations. Foreign students are allowed 50% concession on Pakistan Railways on production of PTDC certificate, Student card and their Passport.

Import / Export Facilities

A tourist may import a motor vehicle without duty under a Carnet-de-passage en dounne for a period of 3 months against an undertaking before the Customs Officer at the entry point that he/she will not transfer the ownership of the vehicle during his/her stay in Pakistan.
Import of liquor is not allowed. However, if carrying any, it has to be declared to the Customs Officer who shall detain the liquor against a receipt and return it to the tourist on his/her departure from Pakistan, Non-Muslim foreign tourists can purchase liquor from an authorized vendor in Pakistan (usually a 5 or 4 star hotel) against a permit. This permit can be obtained form the Excise and Taxation Officer of the respective area. Hotels having a liquor vending license can also sell liquor to non-Muslim foreign tourists staying in the hotel. Drinking at public places is strictly prohibited.
Foreign tourists can export precious stones or jewellery (except gold jewellery) up to a value of Rs.2,000 without any permission or duty (for tourists belonging to Afghanistan, Bangladesh and Iran the limits is reduced to Rs. 1,000).
Exports of antiques (specially statues of Gandhara) and drugs is prohibited.

Vaccinations / Other Health related Restrictions

Yellow Fever vaccination certificate is required for travellers arriving form endemic zone.
Vaccination against Cholera. Hepatitis, Typhoid and Polio is recommended.
Malaria risk exists in Pakistan through out the year in areas below 2,000 m. Chloroquine resistant P. falciparum is also reported.
All foreigners coming to stay in Pakistan for over one year require AIDS free certificate.

Boarding and Lodging

All cities and towns provide boarding and lodging facilities ranging, that suit every type of budget. Five / Four Star Hotels like the Sheraton and Avari (at Karachi & Lahore), Pearl Continental Hotels chain(at Lahore, Peshawar, Rawalpindi, Bhurban), Marriott (Karachi & Islamabad), Holiday Inn (Karachi, Lahore, Multan and Islamabad), Serena Hotels (Islamabad, Faisalabad, Quetta, Gilgit, Hunza and Saidu Sharif).
Other hotels include Pine Park Hotels (Naran, Khannian & Shogran), Green Hotels (Nathiagali, Abbottabad, Peshawar), Shangrila Resorts & Hotels (Naran, Chilas, Skardu) offer good services and facilities. A government tax/duty up to o 17.5% is added to the rent at most places. However, road side hotels may even cost less than a dollar for a night stay - one may be careful selecting these though for obvious reasons, however.
Pakistan Youth Hostels Association (PYHA) - founded in 1951, run a chain of 6 Hostels all over Pakistan. Accommodation in these Youth Hostels is available to the members of International Youth Hostels Federation (IYHF) and its affiliated organizations. For more details and reservation, PYHA Head Office located at Garden Road, G-6/4, Islamabad can be contacted on Tel: 092-51-826899.

Trekking and Mountaineering: The Northern Areas of Pakistan provide wonderful opportunities for the trekkers and the mountaineers. The trekking season generally starts from May till October. The Ministry of Tourism, Government of Pakistan, has defined trekking as walking below 6000 m. It has designated three zones for trekking; open, restricted and closed. Foreigners may trek anywhere in open zone without a permit or services of a licensed mountain guide. For trekking in restricted zone, foreigners must pay a fee of US$ 20 per person per trek to obtain a trekking permit from the Ministry of Tourism, Govt. of Pakistan Islamabad. It also requires to hire a licensed mountain guide; buy a personal accident insurance policy for the guide and the porters and to attend mandatory briefing and de-briefing at the Ministry of Tourism, on the beginning and end of the trekking trip. No trekking is allowed in closed zones which are the areas near Pak-Afghan border and near the Line of Control with Indian-held Kashmir.

All peaks/routes for mountaineering have been designated as open zone or restricted zone. Permits for climbing peaks in open zone, are issued by the Ministry of Tourism, within 24 hours of the receipt of application. However, for peaks/routes in restricted zone, permit is issued within 14 days form the date of receipt of the application in Ministry of Tourism, Government of Pakistan (Operation Section) Pakistan Sports Complex, Shahrah-e-Kashmir, Islamabad. Tel:+92-51-9203509 Fax:+92-51-9202347.

What to Buy and Eat: Every tourist confronts two questions when visiting any country, what to eat and what to take back?

Pakistan is a country of hot spiced meals, rich in oil and meat. Besides traditional and indigenous cousins, once can find the Turk, Iranian and Chinese foods, found in abundance in all major cities. The favourite indigenous dishes include Seekh-Kabab (minced meat grilled on skewer), Tikka (barbecued mutton, beef or chicken) and Sajji (barbecued leg of lamb - though found mainly in Balochistan). Rice dishes include Pullao (rice cooked with meat or chicken) and Biryani (rice cooked with spicy meat, beef or chicken). When in Lahore, don't forget to visit the three Food Streets that serve traditional dishes and are open throughout the night. For sweet lovers, Firni (minced rice cooked in milk and sugar), kheer (rice cooked in milk and sugar) and a vase variety of mithai (sweets rich in sugar and oil), besides zarda (a sweet rice dish).
Pakistan handicrafts are at display at all major hotels and shops in cities. These include metal and brass works, cotton and hand-knitted carpets. Silver and gold jewelry charms the women from abroad. A lot of gems / precious stones can be found when visiting the Northern Areas.

Currency and Exchange Rate

Basic unit of currency is Rupee which divided into 100 Paisas. However, over the years the coins of sub divided rupee have been withdrawn due to their deteriorated value and have been replaced with coins of 1,2 and 5 Rupees. The paper currency notes of 5, 10, 50, 100, 500 and 1000 Rupees are in use. .
Pakistan observes floating exchange rate system, Presently it is about US$1 = 60 Rupees (approximately).
There are no restrictions on import of any foreign currency in any quantity. Un-spent balance of Pakistani rupees can be re-converted at the time of departure from the banks at exit points or from any authorised money changer in any city.

Miscellaneous Information:

	ELECTRICITY	TIME ZONE	DRIVING	WEIGHT & MEASURES
	220 V, 50 Hz AC	+5 GMT	All traffic in Pakistan runs on the left side	Metric system

Tourist Information

The state run Pakistan Tourism Development Corporation (PTDC) has its offices in all major hotels and cities. Besides, the provincial Tourism Developments organizations and many a privately owned Tour Operators can be contacted both from within and without Pakistan through their websites.
PTDC also operates its own hotels and well furnished motels located through out Pakistan. For bookings in PTDC Motels, contact PTDC Motels Head Office, Block B-4, Markaz F-7, Bhitai Road, Islamabad 44000. UAN:+92-51-111555999/9203223 Fax:+92-51-9218233
For more information about Pakistan, please contact the nearest Pakistan Missions

Regards,

Muhammad Shoaib TaNoLi

Cell#03002591223

HAPPY INDEPENDENCE DAY PAKISTAN-14 Aug-15

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Monday, August 10, 2015

█▓▒░(°TaNoLi°)░▒▓█ Fwd: Muhammed Tahir sent you an image file!

█▓▒░(°TaNoLi°)░▒▓█ Dr Sir Allama Muhammad Iqbal (the Poet Philosopher)

Dr Sir Allama Muhammad Iqbal
(the Poet Philosopher)

The creation of a separate independent Muslim state out of the British India is greatly indebted to none other than Dr Sir Allama Muhammad Iqbal, who was the first person to give out the idea of creation of Pakistan and then persuaded Muhammad Ali Jinnah to leave the All India Congress, join All India Muslim League and lead the Muslim struggle towards the final destination - PAKISTAN. For this alone, he is commonly known as "Mufakkar-e-Pakistan", the Thinker of Pakistan and "Hakeem-ul-Ummat" ("The Sage of Ummah"). However, Iqbal did not live to see the creation of an independent Pakistan as he passed away in 1938, but perhaps much contended to have stirred up the movement for independence. For his vision and support to the creation of Pakistan, he is considered to be the "spiritual father" of Pakistan.
He was born at Sialkot (present Pakistan) on Friday, November 9, 1877 of a pious family of small merchants and was educated at Scotch Mission College, Sialkot and later he did his graduation in Arabic and Philosophy from the famous Government College, Lahore and was awarded Jamaluddin Gold Medal for securing highest marks in Arabic, and another Gold Medal in English. Later he did is masters in philosophy from the Government College, Lahore, securing first rank in Punjab state and awarded Gold Medal. As Assistant Professor, Government College, Lahore he published his first book, "Ilm-ul-Iqtasad" (study of economics) in 1903. He then went to Europe from 1905 to 1908 to earn a degree in philosophy from the University of Cambridge, qualified as a barrister in London, and received a doctorate from the University of Munich. His thesis, The Development of Metaphysics in Persia, revealed some aspects of Islamic mysticism formerly unknown in Europe. From 1907 to 1908 he was Professor of Arabic at the University of London. In 1908 he returned to India as a Ph D and Bar at Law and started his practice as a barrister and a part-time professor of Philosophy and English Literature.

pakistanpaedia dr allama iqbal Iqbal as a Poet Philosopher: Allama Muhammad Iqbal is generally known as a poet and philosopher, besides being a jurist, a politician, a social reformer, and a great Islamic scholar. His poetry that imbued within the Muslims of India a deep sense of unity and and an urge to break away the yoke of slavery from their British masters and Hindu collaborators. To honour him for his vision and his unique poetry, he is also referred to as "Shaere-Mashriq" (Poet of the East!). People normally mistake by comparing Iqbal with Ghalib and other western poets. But poets like Shakespeare and Ghalib never wrote poetry with a purpose. They had no theory of life and their poetry reflects humanistic intimations, but like Dante and Milton, Iqbal set before an ideal of combining poetry with doctrine. He took it upon himself to inspire the Muslims to consolidate themselves in order to imbibe the true spirit of Islam. This is not to deny the greatness of his poetry, which, at times, transcends national frontiers and embraces universal human values. However, Iqbal never considered himself as a poet, "I have never considered myself a poet. Therefore, I am not a rival of anyone, and I do not consider anybody my rival. I have no interest in poetic artistry. But, yes, I have a special goal in mind for whose expression I use the medium of poetry considering the condition and the customs of this country." Iqbal's contribution to the Muslim world as one of the greatest thinkers of Islam remains unparalleled. In his writings, he addressed and exhorted people, particularly the youth, to stand up and boldly face life's challenges. The central theme and main source of his message was the Qur'an. His poetry and philosophy, written in Urdu and Persian, stress the rebirth of Islamic and spiritual redemption through self-development, moral integrity, and individual freedom. His many works include "The Secrets of the Self"; a long poem; "A Message from the East" and "The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam".

A number of compilation of Allama Iqbal's soul inspiring poetry were published during his lifetime, which are still hot favourites among his devout. In 1900, Iqbal for the first time read his poem "Nala-e-Yateem," (Wails of an Orphan) at the annual function of Anjuman-e-Himayat-e-Islam at Lahore. In 1911 came the classic and most controversial poem "Shikwa" (Complaint) at Lahore, written in Persian since he addressed his appeal to the entire Muslim world. In this work Iqbal puts forth his theory of the self, a strong condemnation of the self-negating quietism (i.e., the belief that perfection and spiritual peace are attained by passive absorption in contemplation of God and divine things) of classical Islamic mysticism; his criticism shocked many and excited controversy. Iqbal and his admirers steadily maintained that creative self-affirmation is a fundamental Muslim virtue; his critics said he imposed themes from the German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche on Islam. This was followed by the epoch-making "Jawab-e-Shikwa" (Reply to Complaint) in 1912. In 1915, his long Persian poem "Asrar-e-Khudi" (Secrets of Self) was published, followed by counterpart to "Asrar-e-Khudi", published "Rumuz-e-Bekhudi" (Mysteries of Selflessness) in Persian in 1918. In response to Goethe's West-Ostlicher Divan, Iqbal wrote "Pay am-e-Mashriq" (The Message of the East) in Persian. His famous "Bang-e-Dra" ("The Call of the Bell") was published in 1924. In 1927 Zabur-e 'Ajam ("Persian Psalms") appeared, in which Iqbal displayed an altogether extraordinary talent for the most delicate and delightful of all Persian styles, the ghazal," or love poem. Came 1931, when a collection of his six lectures in the form of "Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam," was published. In 1932, "Javed Namah" was printed in Persian, which is considered to be in reply to Dante's 'Divine Comedy'. His famous collection "Bal-e-Jibril" in Urdu was published in 1934 and "Zarab-e-Kalim" in 1936, followed by "Pas Che Bayad Kard" in Persian, and "Payam-e-Mashriq" in September 1936. In most of his work, Iqbal gave intense expression to the anguish of Muslim powerlessness.

Iqbal's Concept of Self ("Khdi"): The central theme of Iqbal's poetry revolves around the elevation of the "self" and addresses the Muslims to improve their spiritual being rather than the bodily and worldly needs. This concept is based on the basic tenants of Islam wherein to know Allah is to know oneself.

The two verses quoted above very finely and plainly explain the dividends of elevation of "self". Those who chose to offer prayers with no consequent effects on their lives and dealings with others, says Iqbal, have in fact not prayed at all. One needs to elevate himself to a level that Allah Himself ask the person as to what he needs. If we look around we would find that the human being's material needs and wants are of more immediate and pressing concern to him which overshadow and overwhelm his spiritual needs. The concern for his material existence results in his forsaking his "self", synonymous with forsaking Allah. This leads the human being to mistakenly regard his material existence as his true self and become oblivious to his real self - his "self". Iqbal received a knighthood from the British Government in honour of the "Asrar-i-Khudi" (The Secrets of the Self) at Lahore on January 1, 1923.

Iqbal due to his love for the Persin language and his many works in Persian is respected and loved in Iran and referred to as "Eghbale Lahori (Iqbal of Lahore)". Herein under is a Persian poetry of Iqbal "az Zaboor-e-ajam"

Iqbal's poetry initially revolved around Indian nationalism. But his visit to Europe and sufferings of the Muslims made him to change his perspective and he started to criticize nationalism and opined that nationalism in Europe had led to destructive racism and imperialism, and in India it was not founded on an adequate degree of common purpose. Now his poetry and speeches were full of the concept of pan-Islamism, a speech at Aligarh in 1910, under the title "Islam as a Social and Political Ideal," clearly indicated to his new concepts and perspective. Iqbal called for the unity and reform, which could only be achieved by strengthening the individual through obedience to the law of Islam, self-control, and acceptance of the idea that everyone is potentially a vicegerent of Allah.

Iqbal contended that the Muslim community must encourage the ideals of brotherhood and justice. The mystery of selflessness was the hidden strength of Islam. Ultimately, the only satisfactory mode of active self-realization was the sacrifice of the self in the service of causes greater than the self. The paradigm was the life of the Prophet Muhammad and the devoted service of the first believers. What an irony, that the lamentations of Iqbal still stand true today as the Muslim community remains as undivided and oblivious to the sufferings of the brother Muslims as it was in years of Iqbal.

pakistanpaedia dr allama iqbal Iqbal as a Politician and Supporter of Muslim Resurgence: The sufferings of the Muslims, specially in the Balkans, after the World War I, the end of the Ottoman Empire and slipping of ground under the Muslims' feet, specially the sufferings of the Muslims of the Indian sub-continent and the unjust attitude towards them from the British and Hindus compelled Iqbal to enter the politics and was elected to the Punjab provincial legislature in 1927. He became the president of the all India Muslim League in 1930 and right away started its reconstruction and orientation towards the plight of the Muslims. Initially a supporter of Hindu-Muslim unity in a single Indian state, Iqbal later became an advocate of Pakistani independence. In addition to his political activism, Iqbal was considered the foremost Muslim thinker of his day. In 1930, Iqbal was invited to preside over the open session of the Muslim League at Allahabad. In his historic Allahabad Address, Iqbal visualized an independent and sovereign state for the Muslims of North-Western India. He said, "I would like to see the Punjab, North-West Frontier Province, Sind and Balochistan amalgamated into a single State. Self-government within the British Empire, or without the British Empire, the formation of a consolidated North-West Indian Muslim State appears to me to be the final destiny of the Muslims, at least of North-West India."

pakistanpaedia dr allama iqbal In 1932, Iqbal headed a Muslim delegate to England to attend the Third Round Table Conference. While in London, Iqbal was invited by the London National League where he addressed prominent scholars and politicians, foreign diplomats, members of the House of Commons, Members of the House of Lords and Muslim members of the R.T.C. delegation. He very forcefully put across the Muslim view point and their plight back home. He explained why he wanted the communal settlement first and then the constitutional reforms. He stressed the need for provincial autonomy because autonomy gave the Muslim majority provinces some power to safeguard their rights, cultural traditions and religion. Under the central Government the Muslims were bound to lose their cultural and religious entity at the hands of the overwhelming Hindu majority. He referred to what he had said at Allahabad in 1930 and reiterated his belief that before long people were bound to come round to his viewpoint based on cogent reason.

During these days, pakistanpaedia dr allama iqbal Jinnah was residing in London. Sensing the leadership qualities of Jinnah, Iqbal thought of none other than Jinnah to come forth and lead the Muslims' struggle. In fact, Iqbal preferred Jinnah to other more experienced Muslim leaders such as Sir Aga Khan, Maulana Shaukat Ali, Nawab Hamid Ullah Khan of Bhopal, Sir Ali Imam, Abul Kalam, and others. Iqbal wrote to Jinnah conveying to him his personal views on political problems and state of affairs of the Indian Muslims, and also persuading him to come back. He wrote, "I know you are a busy man but I do hope you would not mind my writing to you often, as you are the only Muslim in India today to whom the community has right to look up for safe guidance through the storm which is coming to North-West India, and perhaps to the whole of India." Iqbal was of the view, "There is only one way out. Muslim should strengthen Jinnah's hands. They should join the Muslim League. Indian question, as is now being solved, can be countered by our united front against both the Hindus and the English. Without it our demands are not going to be accepted. People say our demands smack of communalism. This is sheer propaganda. These demands relate to the defence of our national existence. ... The united front can be formed under the leadership of the Muslim League. And the Muslim League can succeed only on account of Jinnah. Now none but Jinnah is capable of leading the Muslims."

The following events were to prove how right Iqbal was in his vision to have selected Jinnah to lead the Muslims as Jinnah articulated the case of a separate homeland for Pakistan so brilliantly, that even the Hindus and the British could not stand in his way and had to succumb to his demands and gave way for the creation of Pakistan.

A land thought of by none other than Iqbal, whom his life never allowed him to breathe the fragrance of independence. Just nine years before the independence, Iqbal breathed his last on April 21, 1938. In order to commend his services for the Muslims, he was buried in Lahore next to the Badshahi Mosque, so that all those coming for prayers could also pray for this great soul.

Prof. Dr. Annemarie Schimmel on Allama Muhammad Iqbal

Annemarie Schimmel, SI, HI, (April 7, 1922 – January 26, 2003) was a well known and very influential German Orientalist and scholar who wrote extensively on Islam and Sufism. She published more than 100 books on Islamic literature, mysticism and culture, and translated Persian, Urdu, Arabic, Sindhi and Turkish poetry and literature into English and German. In Pakistan, she is remembered and revered for her life long research on the life and poetry of Iqbal. Her interest in Iqbal studies dated back to her student days. To quote her, "my long lasting love of Iqbal (which began when I was a student in Berlin during the war) has led me to publish a number of works which are more or less relevant for a study of his contribution to Muslim thought…… . In many articles I have tried to show Iqbal in the context of Islamic modernism, or deal with his imagery". Ever since the appearance of her first article on Iqbal (1954) she had been writing on Iqbal in various languages and on different aspects of his thought and art. But her book Gabriel's Wing– A Study into the Religious Ideas of Sir Muhammad Iqbal (1963, rpt. 1989) is still the finest specimen of her erudition and insight in Iqbal studies and Islamic thought in general. This is testified by the fact that from among a large number of books written in the major languages of the world, Gabriel's Wing was declared as the best work on Iqbal studies, in the international languages, for the period 1947-1981. Apart from these works she was the author of hundreds of articles and dozens of books on Iqbal and Islam. She also funded the Annemarie Schimmel scholarship for Women Studies in Pakistan. The Government of Pakistan decorated her with the highest of civil awards, "Tamgha i Imtiyaz".